Process Safety Taxonomy

Contents

Management

Management Principles

Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Keywords
Management Principles Principles
Leadership Leadership
Commitment Commitment
Continuous Improvement Continuous Improvement
Integration with Operations Integration with Operations
Benchmarking and Metrics Metrics
Leading Indicator
Lagging Indicator
Personal Safety metrics
Process Safety performance metrics
Near-miss reporting
Safety Culture Safety Culture
Safety Climate
Safety Attitude

 

Process Safety Information and Knowledge

Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 7 Level 8 Keywords
Process Safety Information and Knowledge Process Safety Information
Hazards Management Hazards
Toxicity Information
Permissible Exposure Limits
Physical Data
Reactivity Data
Corrosivity Data
Thermal and Chemical Stability Data
Mixing Effects
Flammability Diagram
Explosion Indices
Process Design Process Design
Process Flow Diagram Pre-FEED PFD
Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) FEED P&ID
Barriers
Operational Data Operations
Upper and Lower Safe Limits
Upper and Lower Operating Limits
Critical Alarms
Maximum Intended Inventories
Resilience Early warning signalling
Instrumentation Safety dashboard Instrumentation
Relief System Design and Design Basis Relief
Interlocks & Safety Safety
SIL levels
Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) SIS
Facility Facility
Ventilation System Design
Plot Plan
Facility Siting Data
Electrical Classification
Recommendation Tracking

 

Project Management

Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 7 Keywords
Project Management Project Management
Inherently Safer Design (ISD) Resilience enhancement ISD
Review Procedures Safety Review
Commissioning
Pre-startup Review

 

Risk Management

Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Keywords
Risk Management Risk
Hazard Identification
Risk Assessment Risk Assessment
Risk Management Risk Management
Risk-based Process Safety Management
Risk Resolution
Process Hazard Analysis PHA
Conduct of PHAs Conduct
Reduction of Risk
Residual Risk Management
Process Management during Emergencies
Encouraging Client and Supplier Companies to Adopt Similar Risk Management Practices

 

Management of Change

Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Keywords
Management of change MOC
Change of Process Technology Process
Change of Facility Facility
Organizational Changes That May Have an Impact on Process Safety Organizational

 

Mechanical Integrity

Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Keywords
Mechanical Integrity Mechanical Integrity
Reliability Engineering Reliability
Materials of Construction Materials
Fabrication and Inspection Procedures Fabrication
Maintenance Procedures Maintenance
Inspections Inspection
Preventive Maintenance
Process, Hardware, and Systems Inspections and Testing
Installation Procedures
Alarm and Instrument Management
Quality Assurance
Demolition Procedures

 

Human Factors

Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Keywords
Human Factors Human Factors
Administrative Controls versus Hardware Engineering Controls Administrative Controls
Human Error Assessment Human Error
Human Error
Operational Error
Design Error
Document Error
Maintenance/repair Error
Procedure Error
Shift Change Error
Tool Unsatisfactorily
Man-Machine Interface Interfaces
Ergonomics
Control room lay-out
Lighting
Communications

 

Training and Performance

Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Keywords
Training Training and Performance
Skill Inventory
Selection and Development of Training Program Programs
Refresher Training Refresher
Initial Training Initial
Records Management Records

 

Incident Investigation

Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Keywords
Incident Investigation Incident investigation
Incident Recording, Reporting and Analysis Investigation
Incident Classification
Metrics Metrics
Leading Indicator
Lagging Indicator
Personal Safety Metrics
Process Safety Performance Metrics
Near-miss Reporting
Company Memory – Lessons Learned Lessons Learned
Data Collection and Sorting

 

Emergency Planning and Response

Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Keywords
Emergency Planning and response Emergency
Emergency Planning
Emergency Response
Emergency Response
Preparedness
Response
Recovery
Drills

 

Auditing

Level 2 Level 3 Keywords
Auditing Audits
Findings Findings
Observations Observations
Recommendations Recommendations

 

Operational Integrity

Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Keywords
Operational Integrity Operations
Standard Operating Procedures SOPs
Consequence of Deviations
Safe Work Practices Safe Practices
Equipment Accessibility
Ergonomics
Personal Protective Equipment
Job Design
Information Transfer
MSDS
Workplace MusculoSkeletal Disorders
Safe Work Permit
Lockout/Tagout-LO/TO
Confined Space Entry
Hot Work Permit
Hot Taps
Simultaneous Operations
Working at Heights
Excavating and Trenching

 

Technical Tools

Hazards Identification

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Keywords
Hazards Identification
Non-Scenario-Based Hazard Evaluation Procedures
Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PreHA) PreHA
Safety Review Review
Relative Ranking Index, Ranking
Checklist Analysis Checklists
Scenario-Based Hazard Evaluation Procedures
What-If Analysis WI
What-If Analysis/Checklist Analysis WI
Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Studies HAZOP
Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) FMEA
Hazard Identification Studies HAZID

 

Risk Assessment

Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 Level 6 Level 7 Level 8 Level 9 Keywords
Risk Assessment
Quantitative Risk Assessment
Consequence Techniques Dispersion, Modeling, Effects, Consequences
Emission Emission
Vaporization Vaporization
Source Term Source Term
Gas Dispersion Gas Dispersion
Plumes Plumes
Jets Jets
Fires Fires
Explosions Explosions
Frequency Techniques
Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) FTA
Event Tree Analysis (ETA) ETA
Bowtie Analysis Bowtie
Common Cause Failure Analysis (CCFA) CCFA
Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) HRA
External Events Analysis EEA
Bayesian Precursor Data Analysis
DyPASI Database Extraction
Expert Elicitation
Markov Chain Analysis
Bayesian Network Applications
System Dynamic Modeling
Petri Net Applications
Agent Based Modeling
Deep Uncertainty Boot Strap Methods
Semiquantitative Risk Assessment
Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) LOPA
Prevention
Inherently Safer Design ISD
Mechanical Integrity
Preventive Barriers
Inerting
Coating
Safety Management System SMS
Management of change MOC
Procedures
Safety Culture
Periodic Inspection
Maintenance
Training
Basic Process Control System (BPCS)
Software Driven Steering of Process
Operator Action
Supervision/Intervention on Alarms
Backup System
Security System
Protection
Facility Spacing and Layout
Detection System, Alarms and Operator Interventions
Supervisor Intervention
Automatic SIS System
Detector, Processor, Actuator Combination
Explosion Suppression
Isolation Valve Closing
Isolation System
Fast Acting Valve
Rotary Valve
Flame Arrestor
Physical Protection
Double Containment
Relief Valve
Ignition Control
Electrical Area Classification
Static Electricity, Lightning and Stray Current Protection
Mitigation
Active Systems
Fire Suppression
Sprinkler
Deluge System
Foam System
Fire Extinguisher
Explosion Vents
Water Curtains
Steam Curtains
Passive Protection
Personal Protective Equipment
Dike/Bund/Catchment
Containment and Drainage
Fireproofing/Firewall
Sufficient Spacing/Distance to Risk Source
Facility Spacing and Layout
Community/Plant Emergency Response
Decontamination
Fire Extinction
Emergency Shutdown
Rescue Possibilities
Access Routes, Water
Gas Detection/ Dispersion Prediciton
External Fire and Rescue Service
Fire Fighting
Medical Treatment
Repair of Equipment
Evacuation
Semiquantitative Risk Matrix Matrix
Qualitative Risk Matrix Matrix

 

Facilities

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Keywords
Facilities
Plant Layout Layout, Siting
Site and Plant Layout Placement, Safety Distance, Risk, Construction
Equipment Layout and Spacing Equipment, Safe Distance
Temporary Buildings Building
Permanent Buildings Building
Layout Optimization Optimization, Optimum Distance
Shared Sites
Personnel Protection
Location of Fire Protection Protection, Firefighter, Fire
Control Room Protection Control, Personnel
Personal Protective Equipment
Safe Refuge Location

 

Mechanical Integrity

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Keywords
Mechanical Integrity
Risk Management Tools
Risk-based Inspection (RBI) RBI
Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) FMEA, FMECA
Reliability-centered Maintenance (RCM) RCM
Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) LOPA

 

Human Factors and Errors

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Keywords
Human Factors and Errors
Human Reliability Analysis Reliability, Factors
Task Related
Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction
Cause-based Decision Tree Cause-based Decision Tree
Human Error Assessment and Reduction Technique Human Error Assessment and Reduction Technique
Time Related
Time Reliability Curve Time Reliability Curve
Operator Reliability Experiments Operator Reliability Experiments
Operator Reliability Experiments/Human Cognitive Reliability Operator Reliability Experiments/Human Cognitive Reliability
Context Related
Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method
Hollistic Decision Tree Hollistic Decision Tree
A Technique for Human Error Analysis A Technique for Human Error Analysis
Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method II Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method II
Methode d’Evaluation de la Realisation des Missions Operateur pour la Surete Methode d’Evaluation de la Realisation des Missions Operateur pour la Surete
Standardized Plant Analysis Risk-Human Reliability Standardized Plant Analysis Risk-Human Reliability
Success Likelihood Index Method Success Likelihood Index Method

Science

Larger Scale Chemical

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Keywords
Larger Scale Chemical
Liquefied Natural Gas LNG
Vapor Cloud Dispersion
Fire Control by Water Curtain Spray
Plume Visualization in Atmosphere
Burning Rate and Heat Transfer to Pool Fire
Other
Ammonia Ammonia
Production Process Science
Storage Safety
Other
Liquefied Petroleum Gas LPG
Transport Pipeline Setting
Storage Safety
Other
Chlorine Chlorine
Production Process Science
Storage Safety
Other
Others
Ammonium Nitrate/Fertilizer

 

Emission Analysis

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Keywords
Emission Analysis
Two-Phase Flow Two-Phase Flow
Fauske Models
Leung Models
Single Phase Flow Regime
Double Phase Flow Regime
Gassy, Tempered, Hybrid Division
Device Control Phenomena Device Control
Depressurization
Blowdown
Rupture
Vaporization
Other Applicable Models
Others

 

Dispersion Analysis

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Keywords
Dispersion Analysis
Parameters Affecting Dispersion Dispersion Influential Factors
Wind Speed
Atmospheric Stability
Ground Conditions
Height of Release above Ground Level
Momentum and Buoyancy of Initial Material
Other Dispersion Parameters
Dispersion Models Dispersion Models
Neutrally Buoyant Dispersion Models
Dense Gas Dispersion Models
Other Applicable Models
Others

 

Chemical Reactivity

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 Keywords
Chemical Reactivity
Reactive Materials Reactive Materials
Thermodynamic Properties
Reaction Energy
Adiabatic Temperature Rise
Gas Generation
Maximum Pressure after Reaction
Latent Heat
Vaporization
Melting
Other Properties
Kinetic Properties
Reaction Rate
Nth order
Autocatalytic
Mechanistic
Rate of Heat Generation
Rate of Pressure Rise
Apparent Activation Energies
Decomposition Temperature
TMR
TNR
SADT
ADT 24
Other Properties
Reactive Interactions Reactive Interactions
Instability
Polymerization
Pyrophoricity
Peroxide Formation
Water Reactivity
Oxidation
Other Interactions
Runaway Reaction Consequence
Gas Evolution
Temperature
Pressure
Other Consequence
Others

 

Flammability

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 Keywords
Flammability
Essential Elements of Combustion Combustion Elements
Fuels
Oxidizers
Ignition Sources
Other Elements
Terms of Parameters in Combustion Flammability Parameters
Flash Point
Flammable Limits
Autoignition Temperature
Fire Point
Other Related Parameters
Flammability and Physical States
Gas
Pure Vapor
Vapor Mixture
Liquid
Pure Liquid
Liquid Mixture
Aerosol
Solid Material
Two-phase (gas-liquid)
Dust
Other States
Implosion
Explosions
Phenomena
Detonation
Deflagration
Physical Explosion
Compressed Gas/Vapor Explosion
BLEVE
Rapid Phase Transition Explosion
Chemical Explosion
Vapor Cloud Explosion
Aerosol Explosion
Gas Explosion
Dust Explosion
Condensed Phase Explosion
Runaway Reaction & Explosion
Internal Fire/Explosion
Release of Substance
Toxic Gas/Vapor Release
Flammable Gas/Vapor Release
Liquid/Solid Release to Air
Liquid/Solid Release to Water
Liquid/Solid Release to Ground
Near Miss
Transport Effect
Collision
Sinking
Derailment-Consequence
Other
Explosion Characterization
Method/Standard
Energy
Species
Other Explosion Issues
Fire
Liquid substance Fire
Pool Fire
Tank Fire
Boil Over and Resulting Poolfire
Conflagration
Toxic Cloud
Ecological Damage
Two-phase Substance Fire
Jet fire
Pool fire
Flash fire
Fireball
Conflagration
Toxic Cloud
Ecological Damage
Gas/Vapor Substance Fire
Flash Fire
Conflagration
Toxic Cloud
Ecological Damage
Suppressants
Materials
Effect on Flame Development
Fire Protection System
Others
Prevention Design
Inerting
Vacuum Purging
Pressure Purging
Sweep-Through Purging
Siphon Purging
Static Electricity
Charge Accumulation
Incendive Spark
Brush
Propagating Brush
Electrostatic Discharge
Streaming Current
Voltage Drops
Capacitance of a Body
Charge Generation
Explosion-Proof Equipment
Housing
Flameproof enclosure
Intrinsically Safe
Pressurised/Purged
Encapsulated
Material and Area
Zoning
Ventilation
Open-Air Plants
Plant Inside Buildings
Sprinkler Systems
Other Designs

Toxicity

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Keywords
Toxicity
Health Hazards Health Hazards
Acute Toxicity
Skin Corrosion/Irritation
Serious Eye Damage/ Eye Irritation
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization
Aspiration Toxicity
Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Single Exposure
Asphyxiation
Chronic Toxicity
Germ Cell Mutagenicity
Carcinogenicity
Reproductive Toxicology
Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Repeated Exposure
Environmental Hazards Environmental Hazards
Aquatic Toxicity
Atmospheric Toxicity
Dose and Response Models Dose and Response Models
Lethal Dose
Effective Dose
Probit Correlations
Threshold Limit Values
Others

 

Other Field of Study

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Keywords
Other Field of Study
System Safety
System-Theoretic Process Analysis
HazOp Automation
Blended Hazid
Smart P&ID
Multi-Flow Modeling
Abnormal Situation Diagnosis
Failure Data/Reliability Engineering